Researchers at Cornell University in New York have developed prototypes of a sonar-like technology that could replace cameras for tracking eye movements. It uses tiny speakers that emit sound for each eye at frequencies above 18 kHz. These are beyond the hearing range of most people.
The sound is directed at the face, reflected, and picked up by four microphones on each side of the headset. An algorithm the researchers call GazeTrak then interprets these sound waves to determine the direction of the wearer's gaze.
According to the research team, sonar technology should offer several advantages:
  • It reduces power consumption compared to camera-based systems and offers users more privacy because cameras are not constantly recording.
  • It could also reduce the manufacturing costs and weight of VR headsets.
In tests with 20 participants, sonar-based eye tracking showed an accuracy of up to 3.6 degrees. This is not as accurate as current high-end devices such as the Apple Vision Pro. However, the researchers believe that this performance should be sufficient for most Virtual Reality applications.
So far, the system has one major drawback: Because the shape of the eyeball differs from person to person, the AI model used by GazeTrak has to be trained separately for each user. To commercialize the eye-tracking sonar, enough data would have to be collected to create a universal model.
Translated from: mixed-news
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